For the flight leaving San Francisco on Wednesday 5 November 1941, Suva in
Fiji was added to the Pan American route FAM 19
from USA to New Zealand
as an extra stop between Canton Island and Noumea.
Another change was that mail was now accepted from San Pedro,
but as that was the flying boat base for Los Angeles, this had
no effect on the actual route.
Pan American Airways also planned to use Palmyra, an atoll between
Hawaii and Canton Island, as an extra stop on the route, but
it was not used.
The plane was the Boeing 314 Pacific Clipper.
As this was the first flight from the
United States to Fiji,
special cachets were applied and the mail was backstamped on
arrival in Fiji on 9 November.
Fiji – New Zealand and Return
Flight Fiji to New Zealand
Mail from Suva to New Zealand is postmarked 9 November and a special cachet was applied.
The flight left Suva for New Caledonia at 9am on 10 November and flew
from there to Auckland on 11 November.
The postal rate was 1s 2d.
The mail was backstamped on arrival in Auckland with the date and
the war-time slogan Lest we regret Don’t Talk.
This second cover was sent by a member of the New Zealand Expeditionary
Force (NZEF) and has a N.Z.E.F. Field Post Office mark in
purple and a signed censor stamp as well as the first flight cachet.
It also has a By Air Mail Par Avion purple cachet.
The total number of letters flown from Fiji to New Zealand was 15,100 including
3,906 like this one from New Zealand forces based in Fiji [3].
Return flight New Zealand to Fiji
The mail for the return flight to San Francisco closed in Auckland on 11 November
and left at 8 am on Thursday 12 November [2].
It arrived in San Francisco on Monday 17 November having crossed the
International Date Line.
The flight was scheduled to arrive in Fiji at 3.30pm on 13 November and the
mail was backstamped in Suva at 5pm.
This cover was postmarked on 10 November 1941 in Eastbourne, a suburb of Lower Hutt near Wellington.
As this was the first time that
Fiji was included in the route from New Zealand to San Francisco,
a special cachet was applied in Auckland.
This cachet originally had the month as well as the year on the bottom line,
but that was removed when the flight took place later than had been expected.
That is why the year in the cachet is not in the centre.
Mail from Fiji for Canton Island,
Hawaii and the USA also had special cachets.
The second example is a postcard.
It is correctly franked at the 8d postcard rate while the previous cover is
franked with the letter rate of 1s 3d [3].
To UK via Fiji
This censored cover is from New Zealand to UK.
As it is postmarked in Auckland on 3 November
and the PanAm service was fortnightly, it was flown on the first
flight via Fiji on 12 November.
As the service between New Zealand and the UK was well established, no
special cachet was applied.
The rate from New Zealand to UK remained at 5s 9d.
US to Fiji
A range of attractive cachets were produced for the first flight to Suva, Fiji from
San Francisco, Los Angeles, San Pedro, Hawaii and Canton Island.
From San Francisco
This cover from San Francisco is addressed to the USA and so was
presumably returned by sea.
According to the timetable in Proud [4], the scheduled time for the service to
leave San Francisco on 5 November was
12 noon.
It was scheduled to arrive at Lauthala Bay, Suva at 2.30pm on 9 November [3].
Covers were backstamped at 4pm.
The airmail rate was 40c.
From Los Angeles
After flying from San Francisco, the flight was scheduled to arrive in
Los Angeles at 3pm and depart again at 4pm [4].
The Los Angeles date stamp does not have a time, just P.M. on 5 November.
This cover from Los Angeles has a different Suva backstamp on 9 November
from the previous cover.
Presumeably several backstamps were required due to the volume of mail.
From San Pedro
This flight was the first time that mail was accepted from San Pedro.
However, this did not mean that there was an extra stop as San Pedro Harbour
had always been the Los Angeles flying boat base.
The San Pedro postmark is at 12 noon on 5 November.
From Hawaii
The flight was scheduled to leave Pearl Harbor in Honolulu, Hawaii at
6.15am on 7 November [4].
The time on the postmark is 4am.
It was due to arrive in Canton Island at 5.15pm on 7 November.
The airmail rate from Hawaii to Fiji was 20c.
From Canton Island
The flight was scheduled to leave Canton Island at 6am on 8 November
and then, after crossing the International Date Line,
to arrive in Suva at 2.30 pm on 9 November [4].
The airmail rate to Fiji was 10c.
The Suva backstamp on this cover differs from all the others.
UK to New Zealand via Fiji
Cover postmarked in UK on 24 October and correctly franked with 4s 6d.
Trans-atlantic flights left Lisbon on 29 October and 1 November arriving in New York on 31 October and 2 November.
If this cover had been carried on either of these flights, it would
have reached San Francisco in time to be carried on the first flight to New Zealand via Fiji.
However, the build up of mail in London for the flights to Lisbon means that it may have missed these flights.
The next flights from Lisbon were on 10 and 11 November and so if it missed the first flight via Fiji, it seems likely
that it would have been carried on the second flight from San Francisco which left on 17 November.
Fiji to New Caledonia
Mail from Fiji to New Caledonia is postmarked 9 November.
It left Lauthala Bay in Fiji at 9 am on 10 November and was backstamped
in Noumea on the same day.
The cover is franked with 9½d.
Although the basic design was the same, there were different cachets
for the different destinations from Fiji.
The cover has a Passed by Censor 1259 diamond handstamp.
Return Flight: New Caledonia to Fiji
Mail from New Caledonia is postmarked 13 November
when it was flown to Fiji and received a backstamp on the same day.
It was scheduled to leave Noumea at 8 am and arrive in Suva at 3.30pm [4].
Covers were backstamped at 5pm.
Return Flight: Fiji to Canton Island, Hawaii and USA
To Canton Island
Similar cachets, but differing only in their destination, were
applied in Fiji on covers for onward transmission
to Canton Island, Hawaii or America.
The flight left Fiji on 14 November (scheduled at 6.30 am) and, because it crossed the
International Date Line, arrived in Canton Island on 13 November.
Hence, the backstamp on this cover shows an earlier arrival date
than the departure postmark!
To Hawaii
This next cover was flown from Fiji to Hawaii, where it was backstamped
on arrival on 15 November.
It was scheduled to arrive at 7.45pm and covers were backstamped at 10pm.
The rate was from Fiji to Hawaii was 1s 6d.
To San Pedro
For this flight, San Pedro in California was
added as a destination as well as Fiji.
This made no difference to the route
as San Pedro was the flying boat base for Los Angeles!
This cover was flown from Fiji to San Pedro
where it was backstamped on 17 November.
The schedule was to leave Hawaii at 1pm on 16 November and to arrive
in San Pedro at 10.10 am on 17 November.
As the backstamp is not until 4.30, it seems that this schedule was not achieved.
To Los Angeles
This cover was offloaded in San Pedro and, as it had then to
be taken to Los Angeles, it was not backstamped until 5.30pm – an hour after the
San Pedro backstamp.
The rate from Fiji to USA was 2s 10d.
This next cover was also off-loaded at San Pedro and backstamped
in Los Angeles at 5.30 pm.
It differs from the previous cover in that it does not have
routing instructions to Los Angeles and so might have been
expected to have continued to San Francisco.
It has a Los Angeles handstamp on the front as well as the back.
The one on the back is significantly different from the other backstamps.
back next
All scans were made by the author.
[1] O.R.J. Lee, Australia and New Zealand to Great Britain
(Wartime Services 1939-1945), Aero Field 1961.
[2] J.E. Krupnick, Pacific Pioneers, PH Publishing, 1997.
[3] R.M. Startup, Airmails of New Zealand, vol 3,
Air Mail Society of New Zealand, 1997.
[4] Proud, E.B., The Postal History of British Air Mails, Proud-Bailey, 1991.